# Install ARCH Linux with UEFI

### The official installation guide <https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_Guide> contains a more verbose description

### Download the archiso image from <https://www.archlinux.org/>

#### Copy to a usb-drive

```sh
dd if=archlinux.img of=/dev/sdX bs=16M && sync # on linux
```

#### Boot from the usb. If the usb fails to boot, make sure that secure boot is disabled in the BIOS configuration

### Installation Steps

#### Set finnish keymap

```sh
loadkeys fi
```

#### This assumes a wifi only system

```sh
iwctl
```

#### Create partitions

```sh
cgdisk /dev/sda
1 512MB EFI partition # Hex code ef00 ;sda1
2 100% size partiton # (to be encrypted) Hex code 8300 ;sda2
```

#### Create EFI partition

```sh
mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1
```

#### Create filesystem on root partition

```sh
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2
```

#### Create swapfile

```sh
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=32768 status=progress
chmod 600 /swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
```

#### Mount the new system

```sh
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt # /mnt is the installed system
mkdir /mnt/boot
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
```

#### Install the system also includes stuff needed for starting wifi when first booting into the newly installed system

#### Unless nvim and zsh are desired these can be removed from the command. Dialog is needed by wifi-menu

```sh
pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-firmware mkinitcpio e2fsprogs man zsh nvim git sudo
networkmanager dialog wifi-menu wpa_supplicant wireless_tools gnome-keyring
```

#### 'install' fstab

```sh
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
```

#### Make /tmp a ramdisk (add the following line to /mnt/etc/fstab)

```sh
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0
```

#### Add swapfile to fstab

```sh
/swapfile none swap defaults 0 0
```

#### Change relatime on all non-boot partitions to noatime (reduces wear if using an SSD)

#### Enter the new system

```sh
arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
```

#### Setup timezone and system clock

```sh
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Helsinki /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc --utc
```

#### Set the hostname

```sh
echo MYHOSTNAME > /etc/hostname
```

#### Generate locale

#### Uncomment wanted locales in /etc/locale.gen

```sh
vim /etc/locale.gen
locale-gen
localectl set-locale LANG=en_IE.UTF-8
```

#### To avoid problems with gnome-terminal set locale system wide

#### Do N-OT set LC_ALL=C. It overrides all the locale vars and messes up special characters

#### Pay attention to the UTF-8. Capital letters !

```sh
echo LANG=en_IE.UTF-8 >> /etc/locale.conf
echo LC_ALL= >> /etc/locale.conf
```

#### Set password for root

```sh
passwd
```

#### Add real user remove -s flag if you don't whish to use zsh

```sh
useradd -s /bin/zsh MYUSERNAME
useradd -a -G audio,video,network,rfkill,input,wheel,storage,power MYUSERNAME
passwd MYUSERNAME
```

#### Configure mkinitcpio with modules needed for the initrd image

```sh
nvim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
```

#### Regenerate initrd image

```sh
mkinitcpio -p linux
```

#### Setup systembootd (grub will not work on nvme at this moment), install Intel microcode

```sh
pacman -S intel-ucode
bootctl install
```

#### Create loader.conf

```sh
echo 'default Arch' >> /boot/loader/loader.conf
echo 'timeout 10' >> /boot/loader/loader.conf
```

#### Create arch.conf (or XYZ.conf for default XYZ in loader.conf)

```sh
nvim /boot/loader/entries/Arch.conf
```

#### Add the following content to Arch.conf

#### <UUID> from /dev/sda2. It can be found with the 'blkid' command

```sh
title Arch Linux
linux /vmlinuz-linux
initrd /initramfs-linux.img
options root=PARTUUID=xxxx-xxxxx-xxx-xxx rw
blkid >> /boot/loader/entries/Arch.conf
```

#### Exit new system and go into the cd shell

```sh
exit
```

#### Unmount all partitions

```sh
umount -R /mnt
swapoff -a
```

#### Reboot into the new system, don't forget to remove the cd/usb

```sh
reboot
```

#### On a new system you might want to check keymap and fix it?

```sh
localectl set-keymap --no-convert fi
localectl set-x11-keymap fi
```

#### Install yay

```sh
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git -> cd yay -> makepkg -si
```

#### Mirrors

```sh
pacman -S reflector
cp etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.bak
reflector --latest 200 --protocol http --protocol https --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
```

#### Install X-server and graphics drivers

```sh
pacman -S xorg-server xorg-apps xorg-xinit xterm
pacman -Syyu
```

#### After scripts have completed install plug for neovim

```sh
curl -fLo ~/.local/share/nvim/site/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs \
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim
```

#### and tmux plugin manager

```sh
git clone https://github.com/tmux-plugins/tpm ~/.tmux/plugins/tpm
```